- Top left: "yayayaya" spoken by a female German speaker
- Top right: Synthetic "yayayaya" generated by VocalTractLab with articulatory parameters of a male speaker, learned directly from the acoustics (MFCC) of the female utterance, with no speaker normalization
- Upper middle left: Synthetic "yayayaya" generated by VocalTractLab with articulatory parameters of a child, learned directly from the acoustics (MFCC) of the female utterance, with no speaker normalization
- Upper middle right: Synthetic "yayayaya" generated by VocalTractLab with articulatory parameters of an even younger child, learned directly from the acoustics (MFCC) of the female utterance, with no speaker normalization
- Bottom: Comparison of natural (EMA) and synthetic (VocalTractLab) trajectories of tongue tip, tongue mid and tongue back in "yayayaya". Black: original; Red: synthetic