Schematic diagram of some possible transmitter functions in a simplified thalamic circuit. The circuit comprises a thalamic relay cell (RC), receiving onto a dendrite input from a sensory afferent, cortico-thalamic fibre, and inhibitory interneurone (GABA, hatched) located in nrt. For simplicity, Golgi II interneurones are not shown. L-Glutamate (Glu) is released onto various receptor types: MI-MIII, mGluR Groups I-III; N, NMDA; A/K, AMPA/Kainate; GABA. In addition, glial cells are shown (shaded) which may release D-serine (D-Ser), glutathione (GSH), L-Arginine (L-Arg), L-homocysteic acid (HCA) and L-glutamate. The possibility of nitric oxide (NO) release from NO-synthase (NOS)-containing cholinergic brainstem afferents is also shown. Note that the possibilities shown are not exhaustive.

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originally published in print in Progress in Neurobiology.
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