Fluids,Nutrition and Metabolism stuff
| Mouth | Stomach | Small Intestine | Small Intestine | Large Intestine | |
| Secretions | Salivary Amylase Mucus Lysosyme Water Immunoglobulins |
HCl (from oxyntic/parietal cells) Gastrin (from antrum) Pepsinogens (from chief/peptic cells) Intrinsic Factor (from oxyntic/parietal cells) Mucus |
Intestinal Juice: Eneteropeptidase Mucosal Brush border: Dipeptidases Duodenum: Low pH -> Secretin Peptides/Fatty Acids -> CCK Pancreas: Amylase Lipase Trypsinogen Chymotrypsinogen Liver: Bile/bile salts |
- | - |
| Carbohydrates | Salivary amylase {Starch -> Disaccharides} |
Low pH denatures Salivary amylase | Intestinal Juice (Sucrase, Maltase, Lactase) {Disaccharides -> Monosaccharides} Pancreatic Amylase {Polysaccharides -> Disaccharides} |
Into villi capillaries | - |
| Proteins | - | HCl activates Pepsinogen -> Pepsin {Proteins -> Polypeptides} |
Enteropeptidase {Trypsinogen -> Trypsin} {Chymotrypsinogen -> Chymotrypsin} Trypsin & Chymotrypsin {Polypeptides -> Di/Tripeptides} Other peptidases {Di/Tripeptides -> Amino Acids} |
Into villi capillaries | - |
| Fats | - | - | Bile salts {emulsify fats -> Lipid Micelles} Lipases {Fats -> Fatty Acids + Glycerol} |
Into villi lacteals | - |
| Water/liquids | - | Some water absorbed Alcohol absorbed!! |
- | Most water & Electrolytes absorbed | Remaining water, Na+, Cl-, absorbed |
| Vitamins | - | B12 binds with Intrinsic Factor | Duodenum: Iron absorbed Calcium absorbed Ileum: B12-IF complex |
Water-soluble absorbed into capillaries Fat-soluble absorbed into lacteals |
Bacteria synthesise Vitamin K Vitamin K absorbed |
Royal Free & UCL Medical School