Research group activity concentrates on understanding the key biological processes that maintain biodiversity. In other words, what acts as the glue to hold ecosystems together? We are also interested in the factors that determine species abundance in space and time. There is a particular emphasis on diverse ecological communities such as tropical forests, but we also study (lichenised) fungi, bacteria, protist and vertebrate communities. Key question answered include: 1. What are the key drivers for the origin and maintenance of biodiversity? We know biodiversity is unevenly distributed at all spatial, temporal and taxonomic scales, but what are the processes behind these heterogeneities? Answering these questions are important for management of declining ecological communities, and for ecological remediation and restoration. Much research group activity has focussed on plant competition because all plants require the same few nutrients, but we have also focussed on other types of ecology such predator-prey interactions, and we consider both the evolutionary origin and ecological maintenance of biodiversity. With an estimated 50+ million species on our planet, including perhaps 16,000 tree species in the Amazon Basin, this is a topic with many unanswered questions. Below is an example where we show how various functional groups of trees are distributed across a Panamanian tropical forest 50Ha plot, and how these define different ecoregions within the forest. 2. Population and community dynamics of threatened species and groups. We know there are many species currently at risk of extinction, and we have limited resources to monitor them and prevent their extinction. Recent/current examples include (i) understanding the importance of supplementary feeding and how feeding needs change over a season using the example of the (very) charismatic, and (very) rare Mauritius olive white eye (some results shown below); (ii) developing methods to understand and predict how much sampling is required to infer an accurate picture of ecological trends (ie changes population abundances) for large taxonomic groups (eg terrestrial vertebrates). 3. What are the effects of human disturbance on ecological communities? The human species is highly invasive and an excellent ecosystem engineer, but how is it affecting the other 50million+ species on planet earth, and more importantly how it is affecting the key ecosystem services on which it depends? We address these questions largely using field data on species presence/absence and abundance as well as taking into consideration functional diversity (ie what the species 'do') and phylogenetic diversity (evolutionary uniqueness). Recent and current examples include (i) improving understanding on how multiple ecosystem stressors (such as pollution, pesticides) are expected to interact in freshwater systems; (ii) investigating the role of human disturbance on cichlid communities in Lake Tanganyika; (iii) investigating the diversity of pollution-sensitive lichenised fungi in urban settings (run in part via UCL undergraduate projects, and example results shown below). Applications to join the research team: We are always keen to hear from individuals who are interesting in helping us answer these questions (and more besides). Those interested should have excellent skills in at least one of the following: field skills and data collection; mathematical modelling; statistical modelling; computer programming. But most of all they should have an open and inquisitive mind.

Research group activity concentrates on understanding the key biological processes that maintain biodiversity. In other words, what acts as the glue to hold ecosystems together? We are also interested in the factors that determine species abundance in space and time. There is a particular emphasis on diverse ecological communities such as tropical forests, but we also study (lichenised) fungi, bacteria, protist and vertebrate communities. Key question answered include:

1. What are the key drivers for the origin and maintenance of biodiversity? We know biodiversity is unevenly distributed at all spatial, temporal and taxonomic scales, but what are the processes behind these heterogeneities? Answering these questions are important for management of declining ecological communities, and for ecological remediation and restoration. Much research group activity has focussed on plant competition because all plants require the same few nutrients, but we have also focussed on other types of ecology such predator-prey interactions, and we consider both the evolutionary origin and ecological maintenance of biodiversity. With an estimated 50+ million species on our planet, including perhaps 16,000 tree species in the Amazon Basin, this is a topic with many unanswered questions. Below is an example where we show how various functional groups of trees are distributed across a Panamanian tropical forest 50Ha plot, and how these define different ecoregions within the forest.

2. Population and community dynamics of threatened species and groups. We know there are many species currently at risk of extinction, and we have limited resources to monitor them and prevent their extinction. Recent/current examples include (i) understanding the importance of supplementary feeding and how feeding needs change over a season using the example of the (very) charismatic, and (very) rare Mauritius olive white eye (some results shown below); (ii) developing methods to understand and predict how much sampling is required to infer an accurate picture of ecological trends (ie changes population abundances) for large taxonomic groups (eg terrestrial vertebrates).

3. What are the effects of human disturbance on ecological communities? The human species is highly invasive and an excellent ecosystem engineer, but how is it affecting the other 50million+ species on planet earth, and more importantly how it is affecting the key ecosystem services on which it depends? We address these questions largely using field data on species presence/absence and abundance as well as taking into consideration functional diversity (ie what the species 'do') and phylogenetic diversity (evolutionary uniqueness). Recent and current examples include (i) improving understanding on how multiple ecosystem stressors (such as pollution, pesticides) are expected to interact in freshwater systems; (ii) investigating the role of human disturbance on cichlid communities in Lake Tanganyika; (iii) investigating the diversity of pollution-sensitive lichenised fungi in urban settings (run in part via UCL undergraduate projects, and example results shown below).

Applications to join the research team: We are always keen to hear from individuals who are interesting in helping us answer these questions (and more besides). Those interested should have excellent skills in at least one of the following: field skills and data collection; mathematical modelling; statistical modelling; computer programming. But most of all they should have an open and inquisitive mind.